Analysis of the Sociological Theories - 1282 Words

The four sociological theories are (1) Functionalisms, (2) Conflict Theory, (3) Symbolic Interaction and (4) rational choice. Functionalism believes that each part of society works in its own way and that the whole is interrelated so that one feeds into the other and the whole works together harmoniously as a unit. The government, for instance, provides education and libraries for its citizens and citizens, in turn, pay taxes to the government so that the whole country profits. Schools provide education for children, and families depend upon schools to provide education so that children will become employable. The children, in turn, become literate, law-abiding citizens who grow up to become productive citizens in their won way. In this way, each segment of society interacts to work together as a cohesive whole providing stability and productivity. Conflict Theory Society is in a perpetual state of conflict with bourgeois, or propertied class, exploiting the workers. Society is in a conflict, constantly changing, negative state. Conflict theory is the opposite of functionalism in that it sees conflict as being the personification of every single segment of society. This includes race, religion, gender, politics, and economy. Powerful people are wrestling with and exploiting the weaker and under-privileged and unequal groups usually have conflicting values that cause competition and conflict. This results in the constantly changing face of history. SymbolicShow MoreRelatedIs There A Sociology Of Love?1046 Words   |  5 Pagessexual relationships Sociological perspectives are theories that we use in the sociological world to view our social environment. These are principles set in sociology to answer, illustrate, describe or relate to a certain phenomenon, to give us a perception on a subject. The sociology theories are to enable us to analyse, predict or explain our social sphere. There are macro and micro level analysis of how perspectives work. I am going to evaluate contrasting sociological perspectives to assessRead MoreThe Theory Of Action Theory1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe voluntaristic theory of action, commonly referred to as action theory by sociologists, was developed in the mid- twentieth century by Talcott Parsons. Parsons sought to create a unified doctrine of sociological study that earned sociology a place among the other sciences. Up to that point sociological studies were limited to two major schools of thought, namely utilitarianism and German idealism, both of which described parameters explored in volun taristic action theory but lacked an encompassingRead Moretheories on crime comparison1138 Words   |  5 Pages Theories on Crime Comparison AJS 542 October 14, 2013 Professor Packer Theories on Crime Comparison Every individual is different from the next. The same goes for crime. Society recognizes the multiple types of crimes that exist in society because of this, theorists identify different levels why these crimes exist. This paper will provide information on sociological theory including the relationship between personality and criminal behavior according to sociological theory. AlsoRead MoreSociological Concepts Essay927 Words   |  4 Pagescritically discuss how you are an actor in society; how you affect your social surroundings; and, how your daily life is shaped and constrained by society. This will allow you engage with many of the sociological concepts reviewed to-date including newer concepts such as impression management, stage theory and emotional labor. Explain why you needed to perform in such a way (i.e., your motives, instincts, feelings, or structural constraints). Do you see who you are and where you are now? WriteRead MoreTheories on Crime1253 Words   |  5 PagesTheories on Crime: The field of criminology is basically described as the study of crime through which the causes, prevention, and correction of offenses are examined. While this process can be extremely difficult, especially for students, the analysis of the causes of crime is significant to sociology and criminology. The difficulties associated with the study of crime originate from the numerous challenges in developing theories that explain human behavior. In relation to crime, human behaviorRead MoreSociology 210 Study Guide1129 Words   |  5 PagesChapter One: The Sociological Perspective I. The Sociological Perspective. A. Sociology is the systematic study of human society. B. The sociological perspective (Berger, 1963) helps us to see general social patterns in the behavior of particular individuals (the general in the particular). C. It also encourages us to realize that society guides our thoughts and deeds — to see the strange in the familiar (Berger, 1963). D. Sociology also encourages us to see personal choice in social contextRead MoreEssay about The Sociological Framework of Harriet Martineau1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sociological Framework of Harriet Martineau Over the past twenty years, sociology has gone through a process of self-evaluation, as field researchers and observers express a wariness about the empty universalism of speculative systems and look for ways in which to secure empirical foundations that give way to meaningful application in a pluralistic, postmodern world. 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It will also provide a brief analysis of two different starts to the study of health and illness. This essay will then move on to examine different health pattern which are gender, ethnicity and class. Health has always been the dominant factor of the society. Sociological investigationRead MoreDisability Term Paper1491 Words   |  6 PagesRosario Student # 700316 Central Texas College For Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for SOCI 1301 Introduction to Sociology Submitted to Dr. Duffy December 7, 2010 INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY 2 INTRODUCTION This paper demonstrates that hitherto sociological analyses of disability have been theoretically and methodologically inadequate. It is written that sociology, in common with the other major contemporary disciplines, has accepted almost without question the legitimacy of the individualistic biomedical

A study into the discourses present in schools Free Essays

This paper will be a theoretically based survey into the discourse of the instruction system and its handiness by a peculiar demographic of students in the instruction system. The purposes of this paper are to derive an apprehension of the function that discourses drama in schools, to recognize the links between discourse, linguistic communication and individuality, to foreground the societal justness issues that arise when some students can non entree the course of study and to suggest back uping and opposing statements for a alteration in lingual codifications in the school environment. In this paper, when adverting the term ‘discourse ‘ , I will mention to the definition used by Gee ( 1990 ) : â€Å" a socially accepted association among ways of utilizing linguistic communication, of thought, feeling, believing, valuing, and of moving that can be used to place oneself as a member of a socially meaningful group or ‘social web ‘ , or to signal ( that one is playing ) a socially meaningful ‘role ‘ . We will write a custom essay sample on A study into the discourses present in schools or any similar topic only for you Order Now † ( p. 143 ) It will go clear during this paper that discourse is non modestly the words one uses, or the phrases that are understood by peculiar groups. It is the really make-up of what individuality is. Classroom discourse is an of import country of survey because it is the medium by which information from the topics is transferred from the course of study, schools and instructors to the students. It is besides of personal involvement due to experiences of learning at an interior metropolis school, whose population consisted of an above national norm of students from households from a low socioeconomic country of the state, with the bulk of students entitled to free school repasts. From duologues with these students ( both separately and collaboratively in the schoolroom context ) , I realised that there was a distinguishable contrast in the discourse used by both parties. Occasionally inquiries arose from students that were finally a palingenesis of a statement already expressed by myself. This facet of revoicing will be scrutinised, and its importance to classroom discourse emphasised in this piece of work. Further inquiries originating from this experience related to the entree t hese students had to the course of study being taught to them. It was pertinent that the repeat by the students showed a deficiency of apprehension of the linguistic communication used instead than of the value of the content being taught. Was the discourse of the course of study an obstruction to the acquisition of these students? Surely if the student can non understand the instructor ( and every bit if the instructor can non understand the student ) , larning must be impeded. It is my purpose to analyze these differences and understand the links between discourse, individuality and cultural capital of this peculiar demographic of student, the discourse of schools, and the importance of these differences. At the foundation of the apprehension of the discourse of a peculiar individual or group of people, is its links to their distinguishing individuality. Harmonizing to Gee ( 1991, in Mitchell and Weiler, p. 1 ) , discourse encompasses the garb one wears, instructions on how to move, how to talk and taking on specified recognizable functions. It is hence more than merely the idiom one uses, it is all that is used to make an individuality, an ‘identity kit ‘ as competently put by Gee. The functions that one is given are tied to the environment in which they are present, for illustration – locally – the functions assigned to a instructor when they are in the school environment. A instructor will be trained to act, talk, act, think and even frock in a specific manner because that is what the environment demands, differences in these behaviors would foreground non-conformity toward the societal environment, and basically the discourse itself. Similarly, one could propose that kids, harmonizing to their societal groups will utilize a peculiar discourse that relates to that peculiar group ( Bernstein, 1962, p. 33 ) . Identity is per se linked to linguistic communication, as explained by Barker and GalasiA„ski ( 2001, p. 28 ) as a merchandise of civilization â€Å" to which linguistic communication is cardinal † . They besides attempt to help the apprehension of how of import the construct of individuality is to the sense of affinity shared by peculiar groups, such as students. They describe individuality as an thought of belonging or associating to a group of people with which one can place emotionally ( p. 28 ) . This thought is developed by Marshall ( 1990, in Ball, 1990, p. 14 ) when explicating Foucault ‘s doctrine of the ‘subject ‘ , intending â€Å" both being tied to person else by control and dependance, and being tied to one ‘s ain individuality by a scruples or self-knowledge. † Another of import facet that will be explicated is the importance of linguistic communication as a tool to determine a power construction and the barriers that this causes to taking alternate attacks to educating. As highlighted by Gee ( ibid. , p. 2 ) , closely of import to talk about is the manner power is distributed, specifically in a hierarchal nature. This position suggests that disputing the discourse could be viewed as a challenge to the school bureaucratism. Discourses, Compatibility and Access to Education I have briefly outlined the two discourses that are of involvement, to progress this probe it would be relevant to analyze and explain the relationship between the two in a school environment, and finally, if they are compatible. To understand if these two discourses are compatible it is of import to understand some cardinal issues such as entree to peculiar codifications of linguistic communication ( Bernstein, 1962 ) , cultural capital ( Rothstein, 2004, p.19 ) and issues of individuality and willingness to accommodate ( Bernstein, 1958 ) . The course of study and schools in general have a peculiar codification of linguistic communication. Wittgenstein ( 2001, p. 6 ) metaphorically describes words as tools in a tool chest, explicating that merely as a cock or gum may hold different maps, so excessively words may hold assorted utilizations depending upon the context. Hymes and Gumperz ( 1971 in Bernstein, 1971, p. 145 ) conceptualise codification as â€Å" the rule which regulates the choice and organisation of speech events. † Auer ( 1998, p. 38 ) explains the codification of linguistic communication as â€Å" a mechanism of transduction between purposes†¦ and vocalizations, and so between vocalizations and readings. † This is further developed by Littlejohn explicating linguistic communication codification as â€Å" a set of forming rules behind the linguistic communication employed by members of a societal group † ( 2002, p.A 178 ) . Two types of lingual codification are identified: elaborated and restricted ( Bernstein, 1962, p. 32 ) . Basically the difference between the two is based on the trouble of anticipation ( Hymes and Gumperz, 1971, in Bernstein, 1971, p. 145 ) and the scope of options available in the vocabulary ( Bernstein, 1962, p. 32 ) , where they are inversely relative. Elaborated codification is defined as holding an extended scope of options and hence the predictability of the vocabulary is low. â€Å" An detailed codification facilitates the building and exchange of individuated symbols. The verbal planning map associated with this codification promotes a higher degree of structural administration and lexicon choice [ with regard to a restricted codification ] . The readying and bringing of comparatively expressed significance is the major intent of the codification † ( p. 33 ) Conversely restricted codification although differing harmonizing to the societal scene, its vocabulary will be drawn from a sparse scope. The conditions for development of this codification varies but in general is based on a â€Å" common set of closely shared designations, self-consciously held by the members, where immediateness of the relationship is stressed. † ( p. 32 ) Peer groups of kids and striplings are premier illustrations of the demographic that use this organized construction and specific vocabulary choice. It could be argued that these groups prefer the usage of this codification because of the societal facet of their relationships. Bernstein notes the possibility that â€Å" restricted codification facilitates the building and exchange of societal symbols. † ( 1962, p. 33 ) Of peculiar involvement are pupils from the lower categories, due to the manner in which they are raised and live their lives, it is thought that they have less entree to the discourse of instruction. Harmonizing to Rothstein ( 2004 ) those from the lower categories are read to in early childhood less frequently than those who have educated parents, and those who are read to, are non as challenged with the originative inquiries. This consequences in a lower acquaintance with words, impacting upon early acquisition upon school entry, irrespective of the natural ability of the kid to larn ( p. 19 ) . Children and striplings from lower socio-economic backgrounds are premier illustrations of users of restricted codification, nevertheless as detailed codification is more expressed in significance, it is a better method of communicating when trying to supply accounts when there is no old cognition, so more comprehensive accounts can be delivered ( p.34 ) , a state of affairs which reflects favorably to a school environment where students are having the bulk of information for the first clip. As instruction is arguably more appropriately delivered in detailed codification, the consequence is the outgrowth of the discourse job. To back up this Bernstein ( 1962 ) explains that elaborative codification is universalistic with mention to its significance with regard to its theoretical account, i.e. â€Å" it summarises general societal agencies and terminals. † ( p. 33 ) and hence â€Å" merely some people have entree to the codification and to the possible universalistic character of its significances. † ( p. 34 ) . Contrarily, restricted codification is particularistic with mention to its significance with regard to its theoretical account, i.e. â€Å" it summarises local societal agencies and terminals. † ( p. 33 ) therefore â€Å" all people have entree to the codification and to its local condensed significances † ( p. 34 ) . As non all people have entree to elaborative codification, pupils when at school can hold different experiences in footings of the development of their cultural capital ( Hymes and Gumperz, 1971, in Berstein, 1971, p. 143-144 ) a position supported by Rothstein ‘s account of the attainment spread ( Rothstein, 2004, p. 20 ) . Hymes and Gumperz explain that harmonizing to how receptive a kid is to the discourse of instruction, they will see a relative sum of symbolic and societal development ( ibid. ) . Both of these statements are supported by Gould ( 1965 ) , who adds that a restricted codification should non be devalued, as it has the power to unify the user to fellow societal group members and the community – a point besides stressed by Bernstein ( 1962, p. 36 ) – furthermore a alteration of codification alters the cardinal elements of what constructs their societal individuality and world. â€Å" This statement means that educational establishments in a unstab le society carry within themselves estranging inclinations. † ( cited in Bernstein, 1971, p. 136-137 ) . When a member of society is non included in such of import facets of societal life, such as schooling, particularly when it is their right to be so, it raises the issue of societal justness which is defined by Rawls ( 1971 ) : â€Å" the primary topic of justness is the basic construction of society, or more precisely, the manner in which the major societal establishments distribute cardinal rights and responsibilities and find the division of advantages from societal cooperation. † ( p. 7 ) Analyzing this definition of societal justness leads me to oppugn if all schools are so administering the cardinal right of instruction reasonably, and is sufficient advantage provided to those who have inferior entree to the discourse of instruction? Social justness is undeniably an of import public issue in the context of the United Kingdom and England. Tomlinson ( 2005, p. 153 ) evidences this observing the confidence of the Prime Minister in 1997, Tony Blair, plighting that â€Å" The New Labour authorities came to power confirming a committedness to societal justness and to instruction as a means to make a socially merely society. † He besides notes the Prime Minister pulling upon links with societal development, promoting states to be unfastened to difference in 1999 ( ibid. ) . If societal justness in the schoolroom is to be achieved, and if it presently is non due to the impression of the course of study being unaccessible because of the discourse used, should the thought of alteration of lingual codification in the schoolroom be entertained? Keeping in head that linguistic communication is an intrinsic portion of individuality, the effects of enforcing a alteration to something every bit personal as an individuality should be carefully examined before being implemented. Bernstein ( 1958 ) intimates that the lower person ‘s societal strata, the greater opposition they will demo to formal instruction and acquisition, including that this is really a map of the group. His literature besides explains the method of opposition that is likely to be displayed, including, critical jobs of subject, non-acceptance of the values of the instructor, the failure to develop and experience the demand for an extended vocabulary and a penchant for a descriptive instead than an analytical cognitive procedure ( p. 160 ) . As antecedently evidenced the peculiar demographic of student are united due to the discourse they use, combine with this a united negative temperament towards schooling and it can be understood that willingness to talk about displacement from this demographic may be really low. If this scheme has defects, should the inquiry of lingual alteration to the course of study be raised? It seems pertinent that if every bit mentioned all have entree to a restricted lingual codification, and non all have entree to an detailed codification, that a restricted codification is the ideal lingua for learning. Complications with this posit are nevertheless instantly obvious, notably the impact on the quality of the topic cognition being transferred to the student, and the power battle that may ensue in utilizing an inferior strand of linguistic communication. Sing the quality of the teaching method, is it right to suggest for illustration, that in mathematics the word whole number which is rich and really specific in significance, elaborate in codification, be sacrificed for the possibly more accessible figure, from a restricted codification? One could anticipate benefits in pupil attending, and it could be argued that a hapless apprehension is better than no apprehension a t all. Harmonizing to Foucault ‘s rule of discontinuity ( Foucault, 1982, cited in Ball, 1990, p. 2 ) â€Å" We must do allowance for the complex and unstable powers whereby discourse can be both an instrument and an consequence of power, but besides a hinderance, a stumbling block, a point of opposition and a starting point of an opposing scheme. † To develop this, parallels to Auer ‘s account of power when utilizing foreign linguistic communications in other states can be drawn. If a restricted codification is thought of as a foreign minority linguistic communication and the elaborative codification is thought of as the local linguistic communication, a clear power construction can be established. â€Å" it may be said that in a minority linguistic communication context, the minority linguistic communication is the linguistic communication of entry and the bulk linguistic communication that of power. This macro-sociological power so infiltrates the colloquial exchange such that a talker who uses the power linguistic communication ( the bulk linguistic communication ) besides exerts interactive power over his or her co-participant ( s ) . † ( Auer, 1998, p. 236 ) Ball ( 1990 ) describes educational establishments as topographic points which control how discourse is distributed and the entree that persons have to the assorted discourses ( p. 3 ) . The thought of control clearly displays the power that schools have ; one would assume that schools would waver to destruct the barriers that discourse present to forestall the loss of high quality over their students. Hymes and Gumperz ( 1971 ) confirm that there is a discontinuity in footings of discourses that kids from lower socio-economic backgrounds face ( in Bernstein, 1971, p. 144 ) . There is an statement that a kid learns how to be educated by engagement, therefore larning to distinguish between discourses. The kid learns which is appropriate for each societal scene, larning how to believe and move and in consequence larning how to go a pupil ( Hicks, 1996, p. 105 ; Gee, 1990, p. 87 ; Wertsch, 1991 in Miller, 1992, p. 65 ) . This is farther grounds to propose that the posit has mistakes. Revoicing is a technique used by instructors which harmonizing to O’Connor and Michaels ( Hicks, 1996 ) is a â€Å" peculiar sort of reuttering ( unwritten or written ) of a pupil ‘s part – by another participant in the treatment. † ( p. 71 ) Combinations of both restricted and elaborated codification are evidenced in illustration ( 4 ) . Although the illustration is constructed, it is claimed to be a typical illustration of a schoolroom treatment. The instructor uses elaborated codification to reiterate and reenforce a statement made by the pupil, which is in restricted codification. This in consequence exposes the pupils in the schoolroom to both lingual codifications, thereby leting all students listening entree to the treatment. ( 4 ) Student: Well, I think that Smith ‘s work is truly non relevant here because she merely looked at grownups. Teacher: So you agree with Tom so, you ‘re proposing that Smith is irrelevant to the linguistic communication acquisition of immature kids? Student: Yeah. ( p. 71 ) Further analysis of the literature reveals that uncertainnesss remain with this scheme nevertheless. O’Connor and Michaels make clear that there can be an issue with student-teacher apprehension, ensuing in a dislocation in the effectivity of the technique in the lesson, saying that â€Å" If the instructor can non understand what the pupil is proposing in footings of the current undertaking, it will be really hard to integrate that part efficaciously, with or without the revoicing scheme. † ( p. 97 ) Another highlighted quandary is the desire for pupils to non experience patronised ; they understand that if students ‘ statements are invariably recognised but non linked to the academic content, it can be a cause for the pupils to go defeated due to the arch nature of the responses. ( p. 97 ) Decisions The purposes of this paper are to derive an apprehension of the function that discourses drama in schools, to recognize the links between discourse, linguistic communication and individuality, to foreground the societal justness issues that arise when some students can non entree the course of study and to suggest back uping and opposing statements for a alteration in lingual codifications in the school environment. It has been established utilizing the literature that that there are links between discourse and individuality and one of the cardinal facets of discourse is the manner one uses linguistic communication ( Gee, 1990 ) . Two types of lingual codifications are identified by Bernstein ( 1962 ) , restricted and elaborated, stand foring a lower and higher vocabulary complexness severally. It was established that some students, chiefly those from lower socio-economic backgrounds, do non hold entree to academic linguistic communication which is constructed utilizing an detailed codification, as highlighted by Gould ( 1965 ) and Hymes and Gumperz ( 1971 ) , which leads to issues of societal justness. In an effort to look into a possible solution to the jobs of discourse, an analysis of the literature by O’Connor and Michaels ( Hicks, 1996 ) was held, proposing a alteration in discourse from one of the two parties. Although there were some obvious quandaries, viz. the feeling of a loss of power by schools, an apprehension of the revoicing technique used by some instructors intimated that it is sensible to propose that entree to the linguistic communication of schools could be improved without the usage of drastic steps. Further inquiries could be raised approximately predicted power battles that could break out should the balance held with the aid of the two discourses disappear, and about the effects that discourse has on pupil-teacher dealingss. This is an of import issue as the teacher-pupil relationship has a critical impact on the behavior of students in the schoolroom. Harmonizing to Robertson ( 1985, p. 111 ) Wragg et Al. produced a brochure for usage on a instruction pattern which listed of import issues for students, one of which was personal relationships. One could oppugn if efforts to interrupt the discourse barriers would better these relationships. Possibly the most of import inquiry to reply is the consequence on the acquisition of the students, premises on this facet are made by O’Connor and Michaels ( Hicks, 1996 ) stating, â€Å" we assume here that each case of pupil engagement, fostered and scaffolded by the instructor, represents an chance for an increase of acquisition, nevertheless little. † ( p. 64 ) It is of import nevertheless that more research in this field takes topographic point ; it would be good to understand genuinely the troubles faced by both students and instructors due to the assorted discourses present in the schoolroom. A greater apprehension of the schoolroom in footings of the lingual codifications used would profit teaching method and the instruction of the course of study because as evidenced in this piece of work, without lucidity in communicating some students do non hold entree to the course of study. Tim Brighouse in a treatment with Helen Gunter had emphasised the importance of entree and societal justness in instruction. Metaphorically he explained that, every kid has the right to reject instruction but in order to reject it they must foremost hold full entree to it, saying that â€Å" Every kid has the right to reject Beethoven † ( Gunter, 2010 ) . How to cite A study into the discourses present in schools, Essay examples

Tearless I Shall Be free essay sample

I trace the raindrops as they race against each other, down the window, to the finish line. The exhausted, but cooperative plopping of the rain, one after another, soon accumulates into a big puddle, which is just the beginning of a river that will eventually make its way to the ocean. Perseverance, determination, and ambition will always be the boat that stays afloat through storms that toss and turn. Just as the raindrops could turn from one drop into an ocean, as the eldest daughter in my family, I’ve been blessed with a mother, who, like the raindrops, always strived for that â€Å"ocean† of ever flowing dreams and opportunities. Her willpower is displayed in the different roles she has takes on: daughter, mother, wife, bacon-winner, and role model. When I was young I was oblivious to all of these characteristics and what my mom does for me. As I grew, I realize I was blind: lacking appreciation for everything she does, but also carrying the presumption of deservin g the tiny bits of what she sacrifices for her family’s happiness. Her childhood in Taiwan wasn’t easy; losing my grandfather at 19 and helping her widowed mother to take care of three younger siblings shaped her to toughen up to the scraps and bruises life can inflict. Each part of her life was her sacrificing bits and pieces of her own dreams for the sake of rebuilding her family. But I saw that the sacrifices never did take away from her dreams. Sometimes I saw the scars and sad memories echoed in her voice but it is the strength and the feeling of accomplishment that shines through. In these negative experiences, she still kept her positive energy and the push to achieve success. It is her ability to overcome all of the pain and sadness that helped me to understand, success is not defined by what she does, but how she does it. I learned that in the face of adversity I cannot run away but find ways to survive. Instead of letting grief drag her down, my mom gathered up her strength to bring her family out of a nightmare that seemed like it would go on forever. I didn’t know that her strength had its layers to it, until Cancer festered like an unwanted guest, taking up space in our family. During the start of her cancer treatments, she endured and kept silent as to what kind of pain she was holding in. This kind of strength was only one layer. Strength is harder to keep when I wanted to hide in a corner to cry. But I knew that I needed to quickly mature and toughen up so I can wipe her tears away with smiles. This was when I started to learn to be outspoken, independent, and hardened against Cancer and everything else that came in between. I thought Cancer had won in these moments where my mom displayed her broken spirit and frustration. Even before Cancer, like a sudden hurricane flooded the boat, I saw her twenty years of opening a business began, and I was so proud that I could be part of it. But the dream was abruptly interrupted and the nightmare raged. I worked as hard I could to help her, all the while praying that somehow the cancer would realize how much I needed her and would leave her alone. Cancer was making its home, leaving its hideous marks on my mom’s face, eyes, and body. Appointment after appointment, her body was gradually giving in to the pain, in which tears, stains on her cheeks, seemed they were here to stay. It was at this point, I realized how much I’ve taken for granted. I wished I was older, I wish I had more money, I wished this and that, I wanted be the one to take care of her and help take on some of her suffering. The reflection of her person and all of her accomplishments gave me insight on how I am going to lead my life. She gave me my driving force of courage and inspiration. Her success wasn’t materialistic, her victory wasn’t just for herself because everything she experienced was the act of helping others first. Looking at her I learned I can help people by sharing how my mom influenced me; the hope that she showed me, even in times where hope didn’t seem to exist. Now, tears no longer stain my face, for not only have I matured but also grew stronger, molded by my experiences, my environment, and my mom. I witnessed my mom, who strong in will as Hercules was strong in muscles; pick herself back up in the face of death, hopelessness, and defeat. Her undying motivation and perseverance shaped how I will take what life has to offer. What she has taught me, I see reverberated in this school’s values of leadership. The molding of its students: to become not exper ts in what they learn, but also knowing the value of each student’s â€Å"rough edges†; teaching, how each student can achieve their own success no matter how rough the ocean may be. Like the rain drops that almost seem to fall continuously from the sky, darkening the pavement, soil, and eventually contributing its share in the ocean, my mom also contributed to my growing ocean of experiences. She inspired me to make the impossible, possible and pushed me to be unlike any other student. From my mom’s stories and experiences that make up who she is and her legacy, I will wipe away the tears and triumph through my ambitions. As I am about to start the race, I will cross the finish line as my mother’s daughter, with the dried tears of those moments that break me down and build me up, and as one of the raindrops that will fall into the ocean that will mark my future success.

Macro Environment Challenges Organizarion Today Essay Example

Macro Environment Challenges Organizarion Today Paper The Group is a key player in the manufacture and sale of electronic systems used in watch making and other industries. Maintenance Providing training and development for employees is a promise. Swatch pays much attention to be in touch with all new technologies and maintained the high level of well trained staff Maintenance is the final MM strategy decision as Swatch encourages the use of automation system and is often the most overlooked decision. Ensuring the equipment needed to produce a good/ service is functioning efficiently without devastating breakdowns is crucial to the long-term stability of a company in order to met its customers demand. Scheduling The demand for high utilization of a capital-intensive facial ¶y means effective scheduling will be important. Scheduling is an operations decision that strives to provide the right mix of labor and machines to produce goods and services at the right time to achieve both efficiency and customer service goals as Swatch anticipate the peaks and valleys in demand that may occur during a day, during the week, and at different times of the year. Therefore Scheduling and taking measures in anticipation of new ventures is in this case a critical issue. Inventory Management Stability and good quality of products require continuously effort to constrain down inventories. We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Environment Challenges Organizarion Today specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Environment Challenges Organizarion Today specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Environment Challenges Organizarion Today specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer With the joint ventures and close cooperation with their supplier, Swatch can optimize their inventory levels. Excess Inventory than what is needed to satisfy customer demand leads to unnecessary costs such as storage, deterioration, obsolescence, theft, and money tied up in inventory that cannot be used for other purposes. Quality Quality is the highest objective, not only the characteristic of Swatchs products and services, but also one of their most important essences. It is trickily linked with its pursue of continuous improvement, as they perceive it as exceeding customers expectation. Also as Swatch is one of the leading companies high quality standards have to be maintained in every aspect Of its operation. 6. Product and services design Product and service design be essential to the structuring of an organization and have an effect on every aspect of the organizations strategy. The design of the output is the primary precondition for the costs, quality, appropriate funds and human resource decisions that accompany that output In all its genuineness, Swatch cares about developing products that meet specific need of its customers. Layout Design The strategy should focus on developing an economic layout that will meet the firms competitive requirements. It should improve higher utilization of space, equipment and people, improved information flow and materials, improved customer interaction and flexibility. Human resources and Job design Swatch created best working environment and growth opportunities by using Machine operators have inherently enriched jobs, so special consideration must be given to developing empowerment and enriched jobs. Also conduct both several programs to encourage Company to submit their own ideas and contribute to the companys growth such continuing innovations and automation. Also they being responsible for their own development and to take advantage of the various development opportunities available such as, submit your venture proposal. Process and capacity design Due to the inherent properties of the Swiss watches market, Swatch is required to be very flexible. Each quarter new technologies, solutions and cutting edge products are introduced. Thats why it is critical to be able to quickly adapt to changes. In this case incorporating new technologies in all the processes is invaluable and helps to achieve flexibility although Swiss watches products have rather short lives, Swatch has design the capacity to ensure meeting all the demand in such case capacity built in view of demand us ports the credibility of Swatch. 10. Maintenance Providing training and development for their employees in promises. They pay much attention to be in touch with all new technologies and maintained the high level of well trained staff Maintenance is the final MM strategy cession for the example Swatch encourages the use of automation system and is often the most overlooked decision. Ensuring the equipment needed to produce a good/service is function ins efficiently without devastating breakdowns is crucial to the long-term stability of a company just why met its customers demand CNN. The main competitive priorities of Swatch production process can be categories as follows A. Flexibility; this means that Swatch should be flexible in the following aspect I. Product flexibility; The ability to handle difficulties non standard, order to meet special customer pacification and to produce product characterized by numerous features, option size and colors. Hence Swatch should consider the product flexibility as main competitive priorities to satisfied their customers. Ii. Volume flexibility; The ability to rapidly adjust capacity in order to accelerate or decelerate production in response to change in customer demand. Swatch should make sure that they are flexible in case any adjustment happens in production process and customer demand. Iii. Process flexibility; Ability to produce small quantities of product cost effectively to meet product ix changes are easy to allocate. B. Cost Swatch Company achieved competitive advantage by adopting one or additional of the following generic competitive strategies: * Cost leadership strategy: Features of this strategy are: low cost relative to Competitors, related and standardized products, economies of scales, internally Focused, structured organization and responsibilities, with intense supervision of Labor. Differentiation strategy: This strategy is described in terms of product uniqueness, Emphasis on Marketing and research, flexible structure. * Focus strategy: This implies the focus on a narrow strategic target (buyer Group, product line or geographic market) through differentiation, low cost or both the extra cost of doing so C. Low product cost; The ability to minimize total cost of production through efficient operation process tech oenology and or scale of economics D. New product introduction; Ability to rapidly introduce larger number of product improvement or variation or totally new products E. Delivery Ability to reduce the time between order taking and customer delivering to as close to zero as possible. The ability to exactly meet quoted or anticipated livery dates and qualities. F. Quality; Swatch should look on product and process quality hence to link the term quality in eight dimensions that are: performance, features, reliability, conformance, durability, serviceability, aesthetics, and perceived quality. G. Design Product with capabilities, feature, styling and operation characteristic that either superior to those of competing products. H. Service After sale services to ensure continuing customer satisfaction in order to avoid the customer turnover. CNN. The increased use of Lana and WANTS has, among other things, enabled ewe organizational structures, the movement of the locus of responsibility further down the organizational hierarchy (elimination Of middle management), and the increasing practicality of SIT operations, mass customization, etc.. The increased emphasis on seen/ice has, among other things, fostered an increased information or information technology content of many products. Firms are also increasing training because so much of the service economy is dependent upon individual competence. The increased role of women in the workplace is requires an increased emphasis on the reaction and communication of appropriate human resource policies. It may also be fostering the creation of flexible work schedules and, to a lesser degree, telecommuting. Some companies seem to be adopting the perspective that their main problem is now the management of change? as opposed to the management of a specific process or product. If nothing else, the management of change is becoming a formal part of the managers responsibility. CNN 4; Airport Customer convenience Places like airport there is big number of people both who are traveling and others waiting for passengers and other waiting to check in. The place should be arranged in a way that will avoid inconvenience to people, showing exactly places for departures, arrivals, waiting seats and all the arrangement must avoid interference. Requirements for materials handling Customers luggage requires special handling materials that will protect them during from when the customer checks in until arrive at his/her destination ;k Capital investment operations at airport needs high capital investment as it requires a lot of material handling equipments, high construction cost and other cost which make the operation more expensive. Bank layout A need to design a layout that will reduce queuing and facilitate customer services. Atmosphere Good working environment that will improve customer services and establish good relationships among employees and customers. Sales Need to consider things like loan application Communication Good communication to all stakeholders and a need to consider on availability of accurate information and smooth information flow. Capital investment More financial investment is required. Classroom Flexibility The arrangement must be ease to accommodate change due to changes likely to take place.

Editing Essay Online

Editing Essay Online Editing Essay Online Editing Essay Online Is Necessary One of the main problems students face in their essays is abundance of mistakes in their essay writing. Due to this fact, a lot of brilliant works receive rather low grades, as grammar mistakes are those to spoil the whole impression of work and to irritate professors. That is why if you do not want to irritate your professor, better proofread your essay carefully, or if you are not sure whether you are able to correct all the existing mistakes, better make use of editing essay online: Editing Is the Process of Reading When you read your essay on your own trying to edit it, as a rule, you do not see all the mistakes you have made. Of course, you can edit your essay in a rather good way, however, still, it is almost impossible to edit essay in a perfect way, if not being a professional editor, of course. That is why it is recommended to appeal to editing essays online in order to ensure the absence of mistakes in your writing. Editing essay online is always simple and fast procedure. You give your essay to one of our professional editors, make deal about the deadline, and wait for a little. Our service differs from other services of editing essay online as we do not only correct all the existing grammar mistakes and slips of the tongue you make but also we revise the structure of your essay if it needs to be revised and arrange your writing according to all the existing requirements and demands from it. Eliminate Poor Paragraphs! We rewrite poor paragraphs of your essay and give you useful pieces of advice for future in order you not to repeat your mistakes once again. However, despite the fact that we offer the highest level of quality of editing essay online, we do not charge an exorbitant price for our servicing as we understand that students could hardly afford to cover the expenses they have, that is why we offer affordable pricing policy to our customers. You see editing essay online is what you need in order to win the highest grade for essay writing. Visit our site, speak to our representatives and you will understand that we are a top quality custom writing company, which takes care of its customers and works for your sake. Do not endanger your grade, edit your essay and get the grade you really deserve. Do not let some mistakes spoil your labour and mood. Read more: Editing English Paper APA Paper Format Stress Management Essay Law School Personal Statement Free Essay Samples

Analysis of Africa’s Economy

Analysis of Africas Economy Several economists around the world are wondering whether the majority of Africans are benefiting from investment and profits originating from the continent. African leaders have been in the media claiming that Africa is experiencing one of the highest economic growth rates in the recent past. However, a growing gap between the rich and the poor, increase in cost of living and cost of consumer goods has disproportionate effects on working people as well as the poor. Countries such as Nigeria and Ghana that have reported to be undergoing economic growth are experiencing internal crisis linked to a rising cost of living and need to increase government expenditure on infrastructural development (Ndulu 5). Despite the fact that Nigeria was named as the largest economy in Africa, its women, youth, farmers and workers are increasing their demand for access to quality life, resources and wealth. Furthermore, several alarming reports indicate that the economic growths in various parts of Af rica are more complicated than the leaders’ indicate. As result, a research was conducted to unearth the issues behind the economic problems, how African governments and leaders can address them (Ndulu 37). The major problem investigated is the interconnection between economy, social and political leadership with the current economic situation across Africa. It was crucial to analyze case studies and literature reviews containing information on African Economy. They analyzed relevant trade publications, annual economic reports, newspapers, magazines and on-line databases. Because of the time factors, the researchers relied mostly on web for data because it is faster and economical. Volunteers from public and private sectors, African economists, workers, International Monetary Fund, World Bank and African Development Bank provided necessary literature through the publications. The large pool of participants allowed the researchers to obtain wide range of data that was then cro sschecked against other data to ascertain its validity. It was necessary to analyze data from various African countries such as Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo and South Africa. Nigeria was preferred because it is the economic powerhouse of Africa while Ghana is on the right path to democracy in Africa. Kenya seems to growing both democratically and economically while Democratic Republic of Congo was considered because it has vast natural resources. It was also necessary to compared the economies of such countries, analyze the various natural resources found in those countries, evaluate various sources of income. Finally, analysis of the relationship between democracy and economic growth, natural resources and economic growth and the relationship between economic growth and living standards of individuals was crucial (Ndulu 179). The research process indicates that African economy is likely to grow up to 4.7% during this year and accelerate to 5% in 2015. However , the growth in economy does not translate to infrastructure development, job creation, improved standards of living as well as reduction of high poverty level as well reducing inequality in Africa (African Development Bank 1). West African countries like Nigeria and Ghana continue to experience highest levels of economic levels ranging between 6.7% – 7% and are likely to increase further by 2015. The economic growth is due to investment in minerals and oil, democratic governments and good leadership. East Africa is equally experiencing economic growth that has increased up to 6% from last year (Economic Commission for Africa 39). Kenya’s economy has grown due to increased consumer spending; Tanzanians economy has grown due to higher consumption and investment in natural gas. Lastly, Uganda economy is being enhanced by development in telecommunications, transport, construction as well as construction of burgeoning oil industry. In the southern region of the continent, the growth is likely to go up from 3.6% to 4.2% due to increased investments and rising mineral mining in South Africa. Economic growth in Africa will be weakest in North Africa due to political instability in the regions and fleeing of investors (Ndulu 193).

Working mothers shoudn't go back to work year aftergiving birth Research Paper

Working mothers shoudn't go back to work year aftergiving birth - Research Paper Example However, most countries limit such leave to six months after which mothers are expected to return to work. Various reasons have been cited that force the mothers to return to work. These include economic reasons as well as loss of work opportunities in case they delay the return. However, the positive impact that delayed return to employment has on the infant, on the mother, on the society, far exceeds the adverse impact of early return to labor market. Thus, working mothers should not return to work for a year after giving birth. Child-birth – the period of transition The birth of a child is a period of transition for the couple as it brings about significant changes in their relationship, responsibilities and preoccupations. Mothers are the primary caregivers of the family and their return to re-employment soon after birth of a child affects several factors – parental well-being, investment in parenting, marital relationship, attitudes towards the work and family, and the infant’s disposition and temperament (Feldman, Sussman & Zigler, 2004). It may be argued that childcare centers could be used when mothers return to work but low quality care can result in maternal insensitivity and feeling of insecurity in the child. The number of caregivers in childcare centers may not be adequate. Parents are better caregivers and feel more secure of their infants’ safety when they attend to the infants themselves. Breast-feeding leads to important and long-term health benefits for the infants and their mothers (Murtagh & Moulton, 2011). It also positively affects the cognitive development of the infants and their health as adults. The American Academy of Pediatrics highly recommends exclusive breast-feeding for the first six months of birth and continued breast-feeding till the infant is 12 months of age. If mothers work outside the home, it negatively influences the duration of breast-feeding. Unsupportive work environments reduce the breast- feeding duration. Adverse impact of early return US based studies find that maternal employment in the first year of life leads to poorer outcomes, later in childhood. In particular, poorer cognitive outcomes have been reported. The adverse effects are pronounced when mothers return to full-time work before the child is one year old (Gregg, Washbrook, Propper & Burgess, 2005). As participation of women with infants in the labor market has gone up, prevalence rate of breast-feeding has declined. In a study based in Taiwan, Chuang et al (2010) find that return to work within six months of giving birth, is a barrier to continuation of breast-feeding. This study was based in Taiwan where maternity leave does not extend beyond 8 weeks. Women were found to stop breast-feeding after this 8-week period during which they were confined at home. Role of legislation in early return Women are being forced to return to work soon after giving birth to the child for economic reasons. In addition, s elf-esteem and a sense of worth are associated with the paid worker status. However, this causes time pressure on family members and adversely impacts the welfare of the children (Smeaton, 2006). Men should be encouraged to perform more active roles in the family and child-rearing. Work-life balance and increasing nursery provision at workplace, part-time work for some months upon return to work should be given due consideration. In the UK before 1990, mothers were paid to stay at home for 18 weeks following child birth. They could return to work anytime up to 29 weeks of child birth. This study by Burgess et al (2008) found that legislation plays a vital role in the work return rates. Most women returned to work at the end of paid leave (18 months) and beginning of unpaid leave. If the partner’

Benefits of Plea Bargaining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Benefits of Plea Bargaining - Essay Example Plea bargaining is the procedure through which a person accused for an offense concurs to appeal for being culpable to a slighter crime in switch over for a gentle punishment, a lessening of accuses, or further advantages. For years judges, prosecutors, and lawyers have acknowledged plea bargaining for speediness of the execution of the packed courts. Plea bargaining is being gradually more disparaged, though, it does not press the trial to confirm the defendant's fault further than a logical uncertainty, refutes the charged one a adjudicators tribunal, and permits various defendants to descend very imperceptibly. (Fisher, 2004) The plea bargaining practice is quite well institutionalized in the judicial system of USA. It seems to function proficiently and speedily. However, there is always a question whether this current day practice is capable of defending the legitimate civil liberties and to attain ultimate fairness and impartiality consistent with the USA perception correct procedure expressed by criminal justice judicial system or whether it has simply turned into a superficial and ineffective process a self governing status. (Fisher, 2007) 1. Benefits of Plea Bargaining 1. As stated by Jones (1978) flexibility is being provided through plea bargaining which is necessary for changing for turning out substantive fairness. However, in spite of or because of its predominance, plea bargaining still stay a notorious exercise in the world of crime and punishment. The concern that blameless defendant may appeal accountable stimulates frequently impassioned argument about the topic. 2. An agreement made between the charged individual and the prosecutor whereby the defendant may appeal guilty to switch over to either a slighter punishment or an abridged accuse, is usually referred as Plea Bargaining. (Alschuler, 1979) He further states that the agreement of plea bargaining takes place between the offender and the prosecutor to enable the defendant to avail reduced sentence and presently in US criminal act convictions almost 95% are resolved through such plea bargaining. Characteristically, such agreements can be divided into three types: Verdict bargaining Count bargaining Charge bargaining. 3. When there is no certainty of the ultimate judgment of a hearing, the defendant may take a benefit of plea of guilty by copping a plea, as an alternative of attending the trial. This will lessen the ambiguity of the hearing. Thus, in this case the plea bargain seems to provide a liberty of selection to the charged individual. 4. As viewed from the perception of the state, plea bargaining is beneficial in terms of economizing both time and resources while obtaining a guilty conviction. The fact is recognized by all legal experts that each and every filed case is not meant for a trial otherwise the entire judicial system may disintegrate if so many trials are executed. (Amoury, 2002) 5. The plea bargaining seems to be more impartial for both the witnesses and potential judges. It is imaginable that

Project Mayhem Essay Example for Free

Project Mayhem Essay The movie is not entirely Marxism-themed, it promotes justice and anti-capitalism. It adheres to oppose globalization as a benchmark criteria and the face of development. It showcases the effects of globalization and integrates the propositions of inevitable opposition to the concept. However, its attempt to oppose the concept merits failure. (Author’s Full Name) (Instructor’s Name) (Course Title) (Date Submitted) The cinematic realm of Marxism: Fight Club (based on the novel by Chuck Palahniuk) Fight Club (1999, FOX), Chuck Palahniuk’s book-turned-film, is a movie which centers on the struggle to overcome alienation. Alienation serves as one of the films central themes and depicts how alienation can be a struggle especially when dealing with one’s self. Edward Norton, simply called as Jack, is the narrator of the film. He is the protagonist of the movie. Tyler Durden (Brad Pitt) is Jack’s own alter-ego. Jack can be described as an insomniac being, tired of his prescribed job. He finds self-fulfillment through choosing only designer furniture products, and in support of groups raising health-related issues. He quickly identified with Marla Singer (Helena Bonham Carter), who like him is finding some things to do to meet his needs. But Marla has been so much like an imitation of jack, and so he tries to find for other venues where he could be. Tyler and jack, as both character reflecting one’s struggle, discovered a rush emotion during one time they fought. They were playful the whole time, but brutal against one another. It is in that moment that the concept of fighting held a different meaning. Fighting, as they experienced, has made them feel the pain and anger in a more vocalized manner. It gathered attention and awe as they observed their audience, thus, fight club emerged. Fight club became an organized and frequent event, an event which received a welcoming enthusiasm for its audience. Jack, his character and struggles were exemplified in the film. But Tyler, being his alter ego was also highlighted in the film. The awareness of their existence grew into the film’s conflict, and evoked a schizophrenic character that portrays a character with various emotional details. On the other hand, Jack is ultimately overcome by the transcendence of both. For most critics, the film may instill a sense of 19th century German philosophical view of the concept of alienation. The film, although treated as a movie with fictional characters and settings, has a touch of connection with some of the greatest philosophical views about man’s existence. In this research paper, it shall attempt to uncover the relationship between the characters and the movie per se, with the probable concept of alienation and Marxist ideologies. Using various texts as sources, the paper shall evaluate if such concepts are related to the movie, and what it brings in its entirety. Hegel in his book entitled the Phenomenology of Mind (1807) explored the philosophical views of alienation and the conflict between masters and slaves. The concept of alienation as described by Hegel depicts an emotion when individuals feel isolated from the rest of the society. However, when one becomes isolated from his true self, the concept of alienation brings an individual towards much more complex level. The paper shall explore the concept of alienation as it progress with its analysis. Following the prominent idealism strongly held in the Marxists view, the kind of alienation described in Marxist concept maintains that alienation is deeply embedded in capitalism. Beginning with Jack, we became to realize ho capitalism is greatly construed in his character, his view of the world, and the system he follows in his life. For one, his profession entails cost benefit analysis for a major automobile company. But more than the superficial and the obvious form of capitalism shown through Jack, capitalism evolved in several categories wherein it guides his self-being, and defines who he is as a person. Capitalism is depicted through Jack and his consumerist views. Jack, as narrator, asks, â€Å"What kind of dining room set defines me as a person? † and confesses, â€Å"I loved that condo. Everything, the lamps, the chairs, the rugs- was me (Fight Club, 1999, Script available from crosswind. net)†. If one analyzes the situation more deeply, we begin to realize Jack’s character being that of a person epitomizing a consumer, one who sees everything as a price tag. As Jack’s self-consciousness, his awareness grows, and again the conflict arise when his world-view is realized to be hollow and a continuous pursuit of self fulfillment. â€Å"We were raised by television to believe that someday well all be millionaires and movie stars and rock stars but we wont. And were learning that fact that this madness begins to be seen as a form of slavery: [we are a] whole generation [of] slaves manipulated by advertising to chase cars and clothes, working jobs they hate, just so they can buy things they dont really need. † (Fight Club, Script available in crosswinds. net) Just beneath the surface of these consumerist categories, a more conflicting character is drawn. The abject feeling of being a nobody, of having no destiny other than being a mindless drone in the hive of society. Jack knows what his problem is. He knows, but it seems that he himself does not know how to cure it. When Jack described his condition, he mentioned, â€Å"I am helpless. I am stupid and weak and all I do is want and need things. I am my little shit job. I am my condo and my Swedish furniture† (Fight Club, 1999, Script available at crosswinds. net) He knows he has a problem and that is one of the crucial steps towards finding his cure. Jack decides to turn to his alter-ego, Tyler. The entry of Tyler Durden into the life of Jack marks his subconscious desire to depart from his dull, meaningless existence (Kerr, 2006 p. 1). Fight Club is born out of Jack’s need to replace come into terms with his feelings and world-views. The club caters to those members of the society simply neglected and ignored, and whose life, like that of Jack, is one monotonous day after day of catering to a society that does not care about them. The capitalist system of working, the drive to realize larger profits in less time and capital required has reduced work to drudgery and creation is replaced by production (Marx, 1844). The introduction of the assembly line in the 1900’s changed the means by which work is approached. In the years before, jobs still produced a sense of personal fulfillment and growth. Products were hand made, with each year of making improving the experience of the creator and thus the quality of the product. However, in today’s capitalistic world, the mantra of specialization of tasks has reduced work to an activity of repetition and ultimately boredom. Cubicle workers, those that work in an assigned work place no larger than an elevator room leave work everyday with no sense of personal fulfillment, just a degree of satisfaction that the work required to get the next paycheck was done. Work in the capitalist society has become a pursuit of the means to subscribe to the material goods that the society says defines the life of a person (Ta, 2006 p. 70). No longer does the sense of personal achievement and pride in one’s work, and the struggle to achieve mastery in one’s job exist; it has been replaced by a sense personal repression, just to achieve a status in the capitalist world. Hegelian and Marxists theories have influenced some of the works of greatest philosophers of all times. One of them is Immanuel Kant. Kant did not only attempt to define and explain the concept of perception on one’s self, but defined and categorized structures in how we perceive our world, how we are also perceived by the world, and how we must be able to perceive ourselves. Kant contradicts Hegel’s separate and hidden world, with a world independent from our perception and awareness. Instead, the world is to use a common metaphor, projected by the subject (Hegel, 1955). If we follow Hegel’s logic, we can attribute disunity from one subject reflected to the other. Thus, when we aim to unify ourselves with the world, and our self consciousness, Hegel describes the phenomenon as a true self-knowing freedom (Hegel, 1955). The Solution: Fight? (Bliss) In the establishment of Fight Club, the protagonists embrace and face pain and fear head-on, as it were, through organized fighting, which produces a kind of bliss (Iocco, 2007 pp. 56-62). People who participates in the Fight Club are those who does not care about society norms and values, those people venting emotions brought about by alienation, and people who are in need to feel some kind of real human nature. Fight club participants are aware of their problems; they all feel oppressed from where they come from. This character provides a contrast with Jack’s character. People who watch and fight in the club are those who are anti-capitalist and anti-consumerist. Tyler’s philosophy in other people maintains these two antagonistic world views. In the world of the fight club, no class or levels were regarded, their own adapted new world view grants no difference with superiors and inferiors. The Fight Club also tackles the repression of basic primal masculinity and physical aggression. The capitalist society views itself as the epitome of civilization and thus frowns upon acts which are deem barbaric (Tuss, 2004 p. 99). Fighting, the act of physically confronting another person with the desire to inflict pain has been seen as a taboo and repressed act in today’s civilized world. The movie shows how hard it is to pick a fight in a basic corporate and suburban setting, and it shows that it is, of all people, a priest, which dares subscribe to physical violence. The capitalist world and the industrial revolution have ushered in a slightly different view of manhood. In early days, manhood was dictated by physical prowess and courage, the better to defend one’s family and to provide for them (Tuss, 2004 p. 94). However, in today’s environment, the primary currency of survival is money, and those perceived of as successful and manly are those who can provide and control with their money and bureaucratic authority. In analyzing Hegelian dialect, the logical progression of arguments is characterized with a starting passage from the proposed thesis. The thesis, will then be used to form an anti-thesis, developed into a higher synthesis which validates arguments and eliminates the partial truths (Hemling, p99). In this paper, we shall progress following these thoughts: capitalism is our thesis, our developed anti-thesis is Fight Club, and the higher synthesis contrasting it with the partial truths, maintains that either one can be regarded solely as a final thesis of anti-thesis. The fight club and ultimately project mayhem are just short-tem processes to add details of the struggle in the film. They are not regarded as solutions. They must and will end in order to give way to a higher synthesis. The fight club has this effect in the roles of fighting in the movie. Fighting is after all the main conflict and expression of conflict in the movie. One, fighting is a struggle to be recognized, acknowledged, and known. Second, fighting confronts fear. When fear becomes abolished, then the condition of freedom can be met. According to Hegel, as cited by Benzaquen 1998, self-awareness is only through other people’s mediation. The film did not only show this through fighting, but also through Jack. We mentioned earlier how Marla Singer becomes a reflection of Jack’s character, and when he realized this, he finds other places where he could get his fix, somewhere where he is the only one known. Just like what Kelly 1966 mentions, the story of self-consciousnesses whose need for recognition leads to mutual struggle. The personal character and the world dominating view must find its own characteristics. Their relationship is mutual, wherein if one s lost, the other is found. Both characters are a reflection of one’s own identity, thus it is difficult to settle their own difference. In a way they engage to compete with each other to gain independence, and remain essential towards their true identity. The assumption of both subjects is that the other one is not real. In this struggle, one attempt to emerge as the winner, even aim for the destruction and the death of the other while attempting to save his. This exact expression is what victory conjures annihilation towards the other. When one mediates, a person will be more likely to conquer his self-consciousness, and eventually gain recognition. Hegel describes this situation through a master-slave relationship. He explained that a master and his slave share a complementary relationship. A master is superior, highly independent of his slave. A slave is the inferior, highly dependent of his master. This complementary relationship exists because as the slave labors for his master, he affirms his status being an unessential. In the same context of the subjection of a slave to his master, the goal of the inferior is to achieve independence through his recognition by the master. However, as this mutual relationship follows through, the master begins to develop his own dependency towards the servant’s and his services. This is significantly an act of his consciousness. When the master becomes dependent for both the recognition and the work, he is no longer independent of his consciousness. Through this, he becomes subjective to his servant. The exchange of roles seen in this example is a turning point in the identities played by both the servant and the master. Thus, the reversal of consciousness and roles becomes different actions towards the self (Kellt, 1966) As the identity and role change, the reversal will also apply in the consciousness and identity of the servant construed by it. Consequently, when the servant has experienced this change, his labor or service becomes his preconditions of true freedom. Citing Hegel, Kelly (1966) explains that the reversal will yield a consciousness repressed within it, and modifies into a real and true independence. The second precondition towards self-freedom is done through the servant’s recognitions of his independent and self-consciousness. As depicted in the film, fear is achieved through fighting, and ultimately, to death. The essence of risking one’s life in a fight is essential to gain freedom. It is like fighting in a war, were strongly-held beliefs are fought for in exchange of sacrifice of one’s life. The true measure of an individual, as Kelly (1966) insists, must recognize his true independence and self-consciousness. In this analysis, we constitute fear as something profoundly essential to reach true freedom. A servant meets this requirement more than the master because his own existence is governed by fear and submission. Essentially, his role as a servant constitutes his fearful quality. But to get Hegel right and, I think, to understand the film, it’s important to see that the process does not end here. If we adopt the method of drawing a higher synthesis without the impartial truths, we regard the struggle as a realization of the self-consciousness which resolves the mutual conflicts. The real resolution according, to Helmling in his â€Å"Immanent Critique and Dialetical† paper, maintains that mutual recognition and respect, and not domination, will resolve conflict between roles. In the film, time and time again, we recognize the quality of struggle to attain freedom. As Marla emphasizes, â€Å"Dying people are so alive† (Fight Club, Script available in crosswind. net) Without absolute fear, we have in Hegel’s words only an attitude that does not get beyond the attitude of bondage, since it is still inherently a determinate mode of being, like that of a thing, rather than of a Person (Kelly, 1966). Fight club evolved into what is known in the film as Project Mayhem. The group now becomes an organized, large-scale group, aiming to relieve oneself with oppression. Jack reacts to this development with rejection of capitalism he is comfortable with during the beginning. Although Jack as a changed character ultimately opposed the corporate power which constitutes a social system derived with name, levels, and classes, Project Mayhem is in itself living in that kind of role and through Tyler’s role and guidance, Project Mayhem unified itself against The Oppressive Establishment. The effect of the Fight club yields two varying characters for each individual. One, as Jack narrates, â€Å"Who you were in fight club is not who you were in the rest of your world. You werent alive anywhere like you were alive at fight club. But fight club only exists in the hours between when fight club starts and when fight club ends. † (Fight Club, Script available in crosswinds. net) This kind of dual life for members may be unavoidable, as long as Fight Club is a club, available only to a limited number of members. We shall consider the second reason as an impartial truth. Duality of personality is recognized in the film. It is a character recognized and honored by Fight Club. A Rousseau philosophy kicks in this analysis. Rousseau mentions that the savage and harsh life in the world ultimately results to voidance of comforts and amenities it presents. Ta (2006, p. 6) explains, just like as capitalism grows secretly within the world system and dominates, a counter-movement would lead to an equally terrible disaster bound to happen. In lien with this though, we realize that fear, rooted in one’s pursuit to achieve freedom, enables a person to truly live. When the need for recognition of freedom is made, unity and self-consciousness desires emerge. However, if we realize that one should die in order for the other to live and achieve true freedom, it will probably be easier if either Jack or Tyler risks their life, or even both. But using Hegel’s dialectic, this option will not yield us with an advantage because both the presented thesis and the anti-thesis are negated by synthesis done in the higher level. Both share a mutual relationship with and without the other. In order to bring the equality derived from fight club to the oppressive capitalist society, it was necessary to move unto the next stage. Project mayhem aims to change the society at large, by disrupting the economic base and superstructure interaction. In all societies the Economic foundation or base of the society determines the shape and form of the rest of society, its superstructure (Marx, 1844). In a capitalist society the economic base, the industries and modes of production as well as the basic ethos of capitalism serve to shape the superstructure, the laws, arts, culture, and society. And it is this laws, and culture and society that affirm the righteousness of the economic base, and the capitalistic ideology (Marx, 1844). Project Mayhem tried to change this interaction as an alternate superstructure which is anti to the one prevalent in society. With their alternate base, the notion of a man as part of something larger, of equality and opposition to capitalistic ideals, they have produced an alternate society, an alternate culture, which is the fight club at its early stages and evolved into project mayhem. In order to legitimize their own base-superstructure, they must disrupt the existing capitalist one, and since most of their members are the drones, those whose specialized jobs make society run, the task becomes infinitesimally easier. In the capitalist world of specialization of tasks, it becomes easier to sabotage industries and societal process by simply removing or influencing key individuals. Since the society is reliant on the accomplishment of its members of its specific tasks, removal of this accomplishment would lead to an inevitable chain reaction by which change could be accommodated. Thus those of the lower classes, with their specialized class, are able to deny their masters and oppressors the services which they are supposed to do, effectively making them realize how the upper classes of society are reliant on the lower ones. Worker bees can leave Even drones can fly away The queen is their slave. -Jack (Fight Club, Script available in crosswinds. net) This disruption of the basic principle of class division between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat is in Marx’s view the inevitable destiny in capitalism’s ultimate evolution to Marxism. However, the evolution to Project Mayhem is also anathema to Marxist principle of equality. Whereas Marx promotes equal individual welfare, the removal of individuality upon becoming a part of Project Mayhem and its subsequent restoration upon death is a direct contradiction of Marxist ideals. The members were looking out for the interests of the project, without the Project looking out for them, violating a Locke agreement. In order to attain the transition from capitalism to communism, the proletariat must first unite and overthrow the bourgeoisie. A revolution is inevitable. Leninist Marxism provides a revolution of a united proletariat must be spearheaded by leaders committed to the cause, in Fight Club’s Case, Tyler Durden. The withdrawal of the proletariat everyman mentality, of Jack, is replaced with Tyler’s violent, but clear sighted leadership as to how to impose the tenets of Fight Club into the society. Thus comes the inevitable criticism of Leninist Marxism, as the proletariat becomes unaware of the direction they are heading, with only their leaders knowing the full extent of the revolution. This cell mentality is reminiscent of capitalistic society, and is only legitimized as being the only method that could ensure capitalism’s downfall, an argument used by terrorist organizations worldwide. The end of the film allows for the death of Tyler Durden and the reawakening of Jack. This symbolizes the end for the violent personality needed to instigate the transitory revolution and the return to the everyman, the individual. The success of project mayhem’s plan to bomb the city’s financial district is in itself the catalyst by which the transition picks up on. The success of the anti-thesis in countering the capitalistic society and its subsequent end brings to the forefront a glimpse of the synthesis after. The destiny of Tyler Durden, as with all revolutionary leaders is to lead the revolution, and then give the reins to the proletariat, Jack. Thus Jack’s shooting of himself in order to remove Tyler Durbin is in itself an acceptance of the fact that Tyler’s work is done, and that it is now time to go back to compassion as means for societal revolution. Fight Club is an anti-capitalist movie. It shows us what capitalism has done to affect our perceptions of masculinity, our self-esteem and our take on civilization. It exhibits how people can become lost and alienated in their society and ultimately even within themselves. In order to provide an anti-thesis to capitalism, Fight Club used Marxist themes in order to show how one could respond and fight capitalism. It shows how those classes marginalized by capitalist society can turn the tables on it and use the specialized tools given to them to disrupt the base and superstructure interaction within and promote the tenets obtained from the Fight Club. The movie exhibits Marxism not as an end unto itself but simply as an option, as a means on how to provide a fighting chance to those individuals reduced to meaningless roles in a capitalist society. Works Cited Fight Club, a screenplay by Jim Uhls, directed by David Fincher, and based on a novel by Chuck Palahniuk; Fox. 1999 (Script available at http://www. crosswinds. net/~filmhouse/scripts/fight_club. html. ) Benzaquen, Adriana S.. â€Å"Thought and Utopia in the Writings of Adorno, Horkheimer, and Benjamin† Utopian Studies, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p149, 13p. 1998 Bilton, Alan. An Introduction to Contemporary American Fiction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002. Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, Phenomenology of Mind. Trans. J. B. Baillie, 2nd. ed. Macmillan, New York, pp. 25-58. 1955. Hegel. Introduction to the Philosophy of History. Trans. J. Sibree, Dover Publications, New York, 1956.

Gang Violence Essay -- essays research papers

Gang Violence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nowadays gangs are big issues in America. People who are in gang feel like they belong some where and people care about them. There are various reasons people join gangs, and almost all age group between ages 12-40 are involved in gangs. One of the big reasons people join gangs is because of their needs, protection, and also they want attention from people around them. Gang’s should be taken seriously because today’s gangs are more violent and brutal then they were in 60’s. Gangs do more violent act every day and if police don’t do anything about gangs then it will be hard to control the gangs in the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today gang is a big issue when it comes to steeling and money. Usually young kids ages between 13-18 steel more then the older gang member who are eighteen and older. Once the kids start steeling they want more and more things like CD players, walkman, clothes, school supply, games, music, movies and whatever the kids could get their hands on. Also money is the biggest problem in the world because even if people have enough money they want more. But money problem was different for Luis because his family didn’t have much money and they lived in a poor neighborhood. So Luis’s mom told Luis to start working somewhere when Luis was only nine year old. Later Luis started to work with his mother and helped out the family bit. Then Luis met Yuk Yuk who was older then him. Yuk Yuk taught Luis and his ...

Employment and Interviewer Essay

Ask a random selection of people for a listing of their least favorite activities, and right up there with â€Å"getting my teeth drilled† is likely to be â€Å"going to a job interview.† The job interview is often regarded as a confusing, humiliating, and nerve-racking experience. First of all, you have to wait for your appointment in an outer room, often trapped there with other people applying for the same job. You sit nervously, trying not to think about the fact that only one of you may be hired. Then you are called into the interviewer’s office. Faced with a complete stranger, you have to try to act both cool and friendly as you are asked all sorts of questions. Some questions are personal: â€Å"What is your greatest weakness?† Others are confusing: â€Å"Why should we hire you?† The interview probably takes about twenty minutes but seems like two hours. Finally, you go home and wait for days and even weeks. If you get the job, great. But if you don’t, you’re rarely given any reason why. 2 The job-interview â€Å"game† may not be much fun, but it is a game you can win if you play it right. The name of the game is standing out of the crowd—in a positive way. If you go to the interview in a Bozo the Clown suit, you’ll stand out of the crowd, all right, but not in a way that is likely to get you hired. 3 Here are guidelines to help you play the interview game to win: 4 Present yourself as a winner. Instantly, the way you dress, speak, and move gives the interviewer more information about you than you would think possible. You doubt that this is true? Consider this: a professional job recruiter, meeting a series of job applicants, was asked to signal the moment he decided not to hire each applicant. The thumbs-down decision was often made in less than forty-five seconds—even before the applicant thought the interview had begun. 5 How can you keep from becoming a victim of an instant â€Å"no† decision? * Dress appropriately. This means business clothing: usually a suit and tie or a conservative dress or skirt suit. Don’t wear casual student clothing. On the other hand, don’t overdress: you’re going to a job interview, not a party. If you’re not sure what’s considered appropriate business attire, do some spying before the interview. Walk past your prospective place of employment at lunch or quitting time and check out how the employees are dressed. Your goal is to look as though you would fit in with that group of people. * Pay attention to your grooming. Untidy hair, body odor, dandruff, unshined shoes, a hanging hem, stains on your tie, excessive makeup or cologne, a sloppy job of shaving—if the interviewer notices any of these, your prospect of being hired takes a probably fatal hit. * Look alert, poised, and friendly. When that interviewer looks into the waiting room and calls your name, he or she is getting a first impression of your behavior. If you’re slouched in your chair, dozing or lost in the pages of a magazine; if you look up with an annoyed â€Å"Huh?†; if you get up slowly and wander over with your hands in your pockets, he or she will not be favorably impressed. What will earn you points is rising promptly and walking briskly toward the interviewer. Smiling and looking directly at that person, extend your hand to shake his or hers, saying, â€Å"I’m Lesley Brown. Thank you for seeing me today.† * Expect to make a little small talk. This is not a waste of time; it is the interviewer’s way of checking your ability to be politely sociable, and it is your opportunity to cement the good impression you’ve already made. The key is to follow the interviewer’s lead. If he or she wants to chat about the weather for a few minutes, do so. But don’t drag it out; as soon as you get a signal that it’s time to talk about the job, be ready to get down to business. Be ready for the interviewer’s questions. The same questions come up again and again in many job interviews. You should plan ahead for all these questions! Think carefully about each question, outline your answer, and memorize each outline. Then practice reciting the answers to yourself. Only in this way are you going to be prepared. Here are common questions, what they really mean, and how to answer them: * â€Å"Tell me about yourself.† This question is raised to see how organized you are. The wrong way to answer it is to launch into a wandering, disjointed response or—worse yet—to demand defensively, â€Å"What do you want to know?† or â€Å"What do you mean?† When this question comes up, you should be prepared to give a brief summary of your life and work experience—where you grew up, where your family lives now, where you went to school, what jobs you’ve had, and how you happen to be here now looking for the challenge of a new job. * â€Å"What are your strengths and weaknesses?† In talking about your strong points, mention traits that will serve you well in this particular job. If you are well organized, a creative problem-solver, a good team member, or a quick learner, be ready to describe specific ways those strengths have served you in the past. Don’t make the mistake of saying, â€Å"I don’t have any real weaknesses.† You’ll come across as more believable if you admit a flaw—but make it one that an employer might actually like. For instance, admit that you are a workaholic or a perfectionist. * â€Å"Why should we hire you?† Remember that it is up to you to convince the interviewer that you’re the man or woman for this job. If you just sit there and hope that the interviewer will magically discern your good qualities, you are likely to be disappointed. Don’t be afraid to sell yourself. Tell the recruiter that from your research you have learned that the interviewer’s company is one you would like to work for, and that you believe the company’s needs and your skills are a great match. * â€Å"Why did you leave your last job?† This may seem like a great opportunity to cry on the interviewer’s shoulder about what a jerk your last boss was or how unappreciated you were. It is not. The experts agree: never bad-mouth anyone when you are asked this question. Say that you left in order to seek greater responsibilities or challenges. Be positive, not negative. No matter how justified you may feel about hating your last job or boss, if you give voice to those feelings in an interview, you’re going to make the interviewer suspect that you’re a whiner and hard to work with. * â€Å"Do you have any questions?† This is the time to stress one last time how interested you are in this particular job. Ask a question or two about specific aspects of the job, pointing out again how well your talents and the company’s needs are matched. Even if you’re dying to know how much the job pays and how much vacation you get, don’t ask. There will be time enough to cover those questions after you’ve been offered the job. Today, your task is to demonstrate what a good employee you would be. 7 Send a thank-you note. Once you’ve gotten past the interview, there is one more chance for you to make a fine impression. As soon as you can—certainly no more than one or two days after the interview—write a note of thanks to your interviewer. In it, briefly remind him or her of when you came in and what job you applied for. As well as thanking the interviewer for seeing you, reaffirm your interest in the job and mention again why you think you are the best candidate for it. Make the note courteous, businesslike, and brief—just a paragraph or two. If the interviewer is wavering between several equally qualified candidates, such a note could tip the scales in your favor. No amount of preparation is going to make interviewing for a job your favorite activity. But if you go in well-prepared and with a positive attitude, your potential employer can’t help thinking highly of you. And the day will come when you are the one who wins the job.

Essay on how man is destroying the Environment Essay

Man is an integral part of the environment, yet he is the arch-enemy of it. For centuries man has been thriving on its generosity. But in his quest to make life very simpler and more luxurious,, he has turned a blind eye to the damage caused to the environment. Our greed to get the most out of everything has made us contemptuously neglect the environment, although we all know that our very existence depends on it. A careful analysis of why there are imbalances in the environment will highlight numerous mistakes and aberrations on our parts. After doing so, I reason that there are certain traits in us that have led to the present situation. The first is the innate tendency to discriminate. After divining the world into geographical entities by drawing imaginary lines called ‘borders’, man has divided societies on the basic of color, creed, religion etc. The immediate effect of such division is bias. Primarily our world has been divided into major categories based on the qualities of life- developed and developing. Although the word ‘developed’ seems to have comforting implications, the problematic aspect is that these countries have not attained this status without damaging the environment. In fact, they have tampered with it to a great extent. Every element of the environment, be it land or water, has been exploited. The other category, the developing nations, is like a teenager who has just turned adult. He wants to enjoy every bit of comfort and freedom that was till now the prerogative of the developed nations. Lately both the developed and the developing nations woken up to the ramifications of damaging the environment. Various conference and summits have been held to find solutions to the problem. But the outcome of all these has been the same; no consensus has been reached on how to preserve the environment. The prime reason of the discord is the question of responsibility. Both the parties present their own set of arguments to evade the issue. The developing nations allege that it is the developed which have misused natural resources and hence, the onus is on them to preserve the environment and undo their actions that have led  to the present scenario. At the end of the day, the victim of this blame game is the environment, which is languishing due to mankind’s apathetic nature. In order to progress, every country needs to set up industries for manufacturing essential commodities. Both the developed and the developing nations have extensive set-up of such industries that cause more pollution than any other thing on the planet. The amount carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by these has already reached dangerous levels. Carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, is the main cause of global warning. It has been reported that the average global surface temperature has risen by 0.56 degree C. One of the effects of this surge is that the Antarctic ice caps have stared melting thereby making the sea level rise. Based on their respective findings, concerted scientists fraternity has been trying to draw the attention of the policymakers to the grave situation that we have put ourselves in. Some lo-lying areas are already facing the threat of being submerged by rising sea levels. The increase in average temperature has also caused warming of sea waters. We all are well aware of EI Nino that occurs dues to warming of the Pacific. Countries, particularly those encircling the Pacific, are the worst affected by the weather disturbance that it brings along. Heat waves, one of such weather problems, kill a large number of people very year. The above paragraph present a global picture of discrimination and divided politics. Even within a country we find it very common. We do not have to rack our brains to find a suitable example. Our very own India has deeply entrenched caste lines. People of superior castes believe that certain activities should be carried out only by those from the lower strata of the society. Cleaning drains and toilets and picking rags from the streets are expected to be carried out by these people. If these workers go on leave, no individual from the upper echelons of the society would engage himself in such work. Young individuals from lower castes ni longer wants to continue with this petty work and want to pursue something that is socially more acceptable. It has widened the demand-and-supply gap resulting in squalid surroundings. If people understand their duties and change their outlook a  bit, the problem can be readily solved. As has been practiced in the developed countries for years now, home owners should themselves collect and dump the garbage at the local collection point. They should not look down upon this because keeping’s one’s surroundings clean is not dis-respectable. They should also not expect someone else to do this on their behalf just because that person stands lower on the social ladder. The second trait that has led to the damage of the environment is self-centeredness. The motto of people goes like â€Å"If it suits you, carry on and forget about everything else†. Unfortunately, the word â€Å"everything† is that seems to refer o the environment because it is that one thing which everyone tends to forget about. Again, no better example comes to mind other than India to substantiate this. Right from the festivals, to holiday trips to part celebrations, our actions disrupt the balance in nature. Starting with the festival many of them involve submerging sacred status in rivers or seas causing water pollution. Water bodies have self-cleaning ability, but if polluted beyond the saturation point they disturb the aquatic life . Many varieties of fish are known to have become endangered due to our negligence. Some festivals involve blasting crackers which causes air pollution. Not only this, stray animals suffer severe trauma because of the unbearable noise of crackers. Moving on to our overzealous vacation trips, we somehow damage the environment there also. Some of our hill stations have started getting warmer. The rise in temperature is partly due to the vehicles coming to these areas packed with visitors and emitting CO2 copiously. Such scenes have especially become common in places like Mussoorie, Shimla, Khandala, etc, which are close to major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, etc. People do not mind taking their high emission vehicles to these serene places, thus disturbing their ecology. And all this is due to inadequate government policies and the indifferent attitude of the people. It should not be surprising that after enduring so much, the environment also runs out of patience sometimes. And then its fury is unleashed. This is quite evident from the fact that the rise of sea level due to global warming is giving nightmares to scientists across the world. It is posing a serious hazard to the existence of a number of islands by threatening to wipe many  of them off the world map. Nature is hitting mankind back in some other spheres as well. In parts of Indian, climate changes due to heat wave render the crops useless and on occasions this happens right before the harvest. Being primarily an agrarian economy, it becomes very difficult for India to cope with such a challenge. This makes evident that the environment retorts whenever it is tampered. Another very compelling example is that of yaks, Yaks, that are suited to very cold climate and are confined only to upper regions of the mountains, are brought down to lowers areas where tourists throng because they are a major tourist attraction. Lately it has been found that these Yaks meet untimely death because their bodies are not able to adapt to the warmer conditions downhill. In turn there owners suffer heavy loss. Another area where meddling with environment can have dire consequences is land pollution. Whenever waste is not disposed of properly, the dump becomes the perfect breeding ground of pathogens resulting in epidermis such as plague and dengue. Other diseases such as asthma are one the rise in large cities where air pollution is more acute. The groundwater level has been plummeting in more of the cities due to improper use of the precious water resources. Whenever there us scarcity of water, people fight it out to get their share when the local water tankers arrives in their locality. These examples clearly, indicate that whenever man disturbs the environment balance, he is in fact digging his own grave. It is the time man undid the damage done to his surroundings. Both the developed and the developing nations should come together to protect the environment. Instead of questioning each other’s duties, they should collectively strive for a solution and step up their efforts to save the enviroement. In fact, every county should do its bit. Likewise we, in India, should cooperate with the government on its politics and also help formulate new ones to protect the environment. Closing the tap properly and switching off appliances when not in use are some of the basic appliances when not in use are some of the basic measures that require almost no effort on one’s part but still can make a huge difference. Other measures like using public transport, ensuring that surroundings are not polluted during festival celebrations can go al long way towards protecting environment. Effective advertising campaigns proper education imparted to poor people, involving  business hoses, etc, will also pave the way for a better environment. At the end of the day, we must understand that maintaining the balance would not only help us but more importantly, would ensure the very existence of life on Earth.